Literature Reviews: Methods and Applications

Antimicrobial applications of nanotechnology: methods and literature

The need for novel antibiotics comes from the relatively high incidence of bacterial infection and the growing resistance of bacteria to conventional antibiotics. Consequently, new methods for reducing bacteria activity (and associated infections) are badly needed. Nanotechnology, the use of materials with dimensions on the atomic or molecular scale, has become increasingly utilized for medical...

Sequential Methods and Their Applications

Meta-analysis: recent developments in quantitative methods for literature reviews.

We describe the history and current status of the meta-analytic enterprise. The advantages and historical criticisms of meta-analysis are described, as are the basic steps in a meta-analysis and the role of effect sizes as chief coins of the meta-analytic realm. Advantages of the meta-analytic procedures include seeing the "landscape" of a research domain, keeping statistical significance in pe...

Genetically modified mice- Methods, applications and outlook

Background & Aim: Transgenic mice, of tengenerated by random integration of foreign genes into the mouse genome or by targeted mutation in a particular gene, have demonstrated to be a very effective tool for studying gene function in living things. In this review article, we discussed on the current methods of generating genetically-modified mice and their related problems and then investigated...

Microdosimetry: experimental methods and medical applications

Introduction: Microdosimetry is a fundamental method that studies the nature of energy transfer in micron volumes in the particular biological cells. In a biological target, the amount of ionization does not indicate the magnitude of biological radiation-induced damage. However, the severity of biological harm depends strongly on the amount of the linear energy transfer along t...